Masculinity And Social Construction Of Masculinity

of person someone is. This means that one who is un-masculine would behave differently. For example, â€Å"being peaceable rather than violent, conciliatory rather than dominant, hardly able to kick a football, uninterested in sexual conquest, and so forth† (Itulua-Abumere 42). The presented concept of masculinity presumes that one has to believe in individual difference and personal agency. So, it is based on the concept of individuality that emerged in early-modern Europe, together with the increase of capitalist economic relations and colonial empires. Further, the conception is also inherently relational. Masculinity only exists in coherence with femininity. If a culture does not treat men and women as carriers of polarized character types,†¦show more content†¦If there was a role model for masculinity or femininity, it would state men and women not as free people, but as puppets that are determined to follow a pre-scripted role. Being a man means, then, to play a certain masculine role. Furthermore, one could even argue that masculinity is a performance, or a script that men know by heart. Socializing institutions like school, family, or the media implant boys gender appropriate behavior and so they learn to adapt the male role through observation, feedback (You kicked the football like a real man!), and initiation (43). These gender appropriate behaviors continue throughout a man’s whole life and change, depending on the different life stages. 2.3 Hegemonic Masculinity Theoretical insights from gender studies shed light on hegemonic masculinity and help to understand certain male behaviors seen in Dracula and The Vampire Diaries. Hegemonic masculinity includes a certain method to subordinate women. It represents a cultural idealized form of breadwinning and manhood and can be a personal as well as collective undertaking. Moreover, hegemonic masculinity is â€Å"exclusive, anxiety-provoking, internally and hierarchically differentiated, brutal, and violent. It is pseudo-natural, tough, contradictory, crisis-prone, rich, and socially sustained† (Donaldson 645). Based on male dominance, it resembles â€Å"an economic and cultural force, and [is]Show MoreRelatedThe Social Construction Of Hegemonic Masculinity And Masculinity1668 Words   |  7 Pagesinjustices? This essay will focus on how the social construction of hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity establishes rape myths and stereotypes within the society that are aimed to hurt women. I will also focus on how these concepts are integrated within the legal sphere making the law partial and unfair. I will talk about the well-known Ewanchuk case that highlights many rape myths and how its connected to the relationship between violence and masculinity and the way woman are expected to conformRead MoreSocial Construction Of Gender And Masculinity1689 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout childhood children are exposed to many factors, which may influence their actions and attitudes regarding the social construction of gender, specifically masculinity and femininity. Children’s attitudes are influenced by a variety of external sources, but are most strongly influenced by their home life and parents. Parents are responsible for nurturing and teaching children about multiple aspects in life, including gender norms; this occurs both consciously and unconsciously. One-way parentsRead MoreGender And Social Institutions And The Construction Of Masculinities1920 Word s   |  8 Pages and The Construction of Masculinities† examines the ways social institutions like family, school, and communities are both gendered and gendering. Social institutions will affect a human only for so long, after that it all depends on the adult to remain the same or change the error. â€Å"Yet this self-construction is not a fully conscious process. There are also deeply woven, unconscious motivations, fears, and anxieties at work here† (Messner, 2009: 120). Consciousness or not, all social institutionsRead MoreConflict Between The Social Construction Of Masculinity And The Images1442 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Tough Guise† examines the relationship between the social construction of masculinity and the images we see in mass media and popular culture. The central theme in Katz’s arguments in Tough Guise revolves around the notion: violence in America is a gendered associated phenomenon, and in order for us to understand violence, we must focus on its relationship to our culture and ideals of â€Å"masculinity†. In this documentary, Katz argues, Masculinity is created; it doesn’t just exist– as opposed to one’sRead MoreThe Representation Of Gender Masculinity1729 Words   |  7 Pageshegemonic constructions formed through colonisation. Due to being constructed by this dominant ideology, which in terms of a New Zealand context is Pakeha and male (Hegemony), the construction of masculinity appears natural. This hegemonic masculinity is so naturalised it becomes invisible and we don’t see or think about it. Law, R (1997) states that â€Å"The concept of hegemonic masculinity allows for us to theorise the simultaneous existence of different constructions of masculinity, the social dominanceRead MoreEvasive Masculinity On Men s Lifestyle Magazines936 Words   |  4 PagesMen s lifestyle magazines are now argued to be an important locus and breeding ground for what has recently been dubbed new lad masculinity (Benwel l, 2004, pp3). The second article this essay is going to explore is that by Benwell (2004) titled, Evasive masculinity in men s lifestyle magazines. By definition, new lad masculinity describes the rejection of the previously recognised new man ; a feminist concept which emerged in the nineteen eighties (Nixon, 2001). By this, BenwellRead MoreTaking a Closer Look at Gender1311 Words   |  5 Pagesfundamental objectives of feminism is to dissolve traditional gender standards, thus liberating gender limitations for both men and women. The social construction of gender shapes masculinity, devalues femininity and sets gender expectations through parental and societal influence. Analyzing the foundation of gender, how gender is reinforced and its production of masculinity, feminism can be shown to break down gender stereotypes. Looking across various societies, significant differences between men and womenRead MoreGender Is Not So Much Determined By God Nor By Biology Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagesprocessed. Instead it is a result of social modification. In this essay, one particular theme will be used in order to demonstrate that gender is not so much determined by God nor by biology. Firstly the terms ‘sex’ and ‘gender’ will be defined before the relationship between them is explored in relation to the theme chosen. Secondly evidence that shows that gender is socially constructed will be discussed. The theme that shall be investigated is masculinity. To begin with, it is essential to identifyRead MoreMan s Conformity : Hegemonic Masculinity1427 Words   |  6 PagesMan’s Conformity to Hegemonic Masculinity The notion of hegemonic masculinity has altered the field of gender studies and many academic arenas. An idea popularized by R.W. Connell, hegemonic masculinity has played an integral role in the emotional development of American men, articulating the impact that this societal construction has had on the concept of American masculinity. It is a contested topic, yet the impacts that it has in terms of sexuality, struggles for power and political leadershipRead MoreThe Patriarchal System Essay1749 Words   |  7 Pagesto explore patriarchal values that reinforce violence towards women in intimate partner relationships. This paper argues that patriarchy and the social construction of masculinity reproduce male violence against women. The following sub-issues that that will be discussed are patriarchy, capitalism, the religion of Islam, and the construction of masculinity and femininity. All the sub-issues encompass patriarchy values which allows inmate partner violence. Patriarchy First and foremost, patriarchy

Evidence Based Practice ( Ebp ) Model - 1085 Words

Method Procedure Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Model To address the problem of CRF, the Rosswurm Larraee model will be used in implementing guideline (Rosswurm Larraee, 1999). The key component of Rosswurm Larraee model includes 6 steps; Step-1. Assess need for a change in practice (CRF has physical, psychological, and economic effects on cancer patients’ quality of life and overall satisfaction rate with their treating teams. Assess the nursing knowledge about CRF, collect the data about the rate of CRF and use the findings to improve staff knowledge about managing CRF). Step-2. Link problem with interventions and outcome (effect of implementing EBP guideline in reducing the effect of CRF on patient quality of life). Step-3. Synthesize best evidence (through systematic research and summarizing data and evidence, non-pharmacological intervention provides safe and effective methods for decreasing the rate of CRF as compared to pharmacological intervention). Step-4. Design a change in practice (start with pilot study derived from EBP guideline for screening, assessing, and treating CRF, develop draft for pilot study, design the pilot study and its evaluation, provide tools that will be used in measuring the outcome of implementing EBP in reducing CRF, educate the staff about the pilot study and how to use EBP guideline). Step-5. Implement and evaluate the practice change (Pilot study will be implemented in two outpatient infusion clinics in our community.Show MoreRelatedThe Studies Done By Tucker Et Al1030 Words   |  5 Pages Tucker et al. also identified that providing a clear purpose for the research study may have led to a successful implementation since that staff questioned the process. Harrington, et al. (2013) identified that staff ownership of research makes practice change more effective, but their study was limited by the staffing mix. Prior to the study they did team nursing where a senior nurse was paired up with a newer nurse, during the study they were changed to one nurse for every four to five patientsRead MoreEvidence Based Practice Nursing For A Med Surge / Orthopedic Unit Of An Acute Health Care Setting824 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction According to Houser (2012), evidence Based Practice Nursing is the application of evidence based findings by nurses to steer the nurse toward integration of clinical expert opinion and experience with an unbiased comprehensive analysis of the best scientific evidence professional nursing care literature can provide while integrating patient principles and preferences. When planning for sustaining evidenced based practice, it is vital to adopt a methodical critical thinking decisionRead MoreThe Research Evidence Based Practice1174 Words   |  5 Pagesrole in research evidence based practice in nursing care. Transplant nurses should practice transplant nursing that is based on evidence. Institute of medicine reported that by 2020, 90% of clinical decisions should be based on evidence, but today 12% to 14% clinical decisions are only based on evidence. Pravikoff and colleagues surveyed 3000 nurses in United States with a 37% response rate .Fifty-eight percent of responding nurses had never used research to support their practice and 46% had neverRead MoreEvidence Based Practice : An Imperative And Integral Part Of The Clinical Setting Upon Healthcare Professionals1194 Words   |  5 Pages Evidence-Based Practice Paper Jhakendra Hampton Informatics Introduction Evidence-based practice is becoming an imperative and integral part of the clinical setting upon healthcare professionals. Evidence-based practice is considered to increase patient outcomes due to evidence-based implementation and successful facilitation and training of the staff. However, there is also some controversy over whether or not EBP models are truly the best ones to invest in. There are many agenciesRead MoreApplication Of Evidence Based Practice1689 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Evidence Based Practice (EBP) is the process nurses use to conduct research and find recent and credible evidence to support best practice (McCutcheon, 2009). The process of EBP will be applied to the case study about a nurse who did not use EBP in her nursing process. This is important because providing EBP is a core philosophy in the ANMC competency standards for the registered nurse (The Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2016). The report will on build assignment one whereRead MoreAn Advanced Practice Registered Nurse998 Words   |  4 PagesTranslational Research and EBP As an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN), one should utilize translational research and apply it to the medical field. Knowing the doctorate of nursing practice (DNP) role in translating evidence is a necessity when implementing solutions to problems identified in the clinical setting. This paper will describe translational research and will identify and evidence-based practice (EBP) model to discuss the role of the APRN. Understanding Translational ResearchRead MoreEvidence Based Practice / Clinical Question1733 Words   |  7 PagesEvidence Based Practice/ Clinical Question Pain†¦fever†¦oozing pus. Who would want to experience that? The answer is no one. Yet, out of the sixty to seventy of women who undergo a cesarean section, twelve percent will experience these symptoms due to a surgical site infection (SSI) (Adjunctive Azithromycin Prophylaxis for Cesarean Delivery, 2017). SSI are the primary cause of mortality and morbidity amongst cesarean section women. SSI are linked to increased length of stay, hospitalization rateRead MoreEvidence Based Practice : Nursing Implications1399 Words   |  6 Pages Evidence Based Practice: Nursing Implications Misty DelCiampo Submitted to Sarah P. Combs PhD, MPH, RN in partial fulfillment of NR460 Evidence Based Practice in Nursing Regis University August 3rd, 2015 Evidence Based Practice Nursing Implications As the health care environment is becoming more complex, and technology is developing rapidly, the expectations of nurses has increased more than ever before. Times are rapidly changing and to keep up with these changes, nurses areRead MoreEffective Management Of Organizational Standards Of Practice Essay1748 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership in healthcare requires navigation, skill, and adaptability within the ever changing healthcare delivery system. Seven central leadership issues have been investigated for effective management of organizational standards of practice, in a two part case study. The following is part 1 of the leadership case study addressing: leadership and current healthcare environment, leadership and patient outcomes, and leadership and change management. Information for the case study was gathered by aRead MoreFeedback Informed Treatment ( Fit )948 Words   |  4 Pages SOWK 588- Spring 2016 Assignment#2: Feedback Informed Treatment (FIT) Mary Marrone USC School of Social Work March 8, 2016 Course Instructor: Nikki Cavalier Understand Rational for this EBP Model My understanding of the rationale for the EBP model known as FIT is that it is a tool used to measure the therapeutic alliance between the client and social worker. One may ask, how this can be measured. The answer is quite simple†¦ feedback. Scot Miller claims â€Å"feedback has become a

Compensation Benefit Is Different In Varies-Myassigtnmenthelp.Com

Question: How Explain Compensation Benefit Are Different In Varies? Answer: Introducation The remuneration of the teachers are widely different in varies in large margins in the entire European region. The merit pay of the teachers are based on three factors such as the international status of schools, the contract in between the labors that are serving the institutions and the level of experience of the teachers will play a big role in determining their pay. The correlation between the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country and the pay that the teachers receive are inversely related. The teachers of Spain earn around 2.1 times with the GDP per capita, which is in comparison to the next highest country, United Kingdom who pay their teachers 1.8 times more than the GDP of that country (Leigh, 2013). The attractiveness in retaining the teachers is not only influenced by the salaries of the teachers but also the working environment in which they are working. These aspects are important to the teachers as the number of hours that they need to work will help in increasing the knowledge capacity of the students. Another potential feature that helps in attracting teachers to the schools is the job hours, as they do not have long hours of work. The merit pay of the different countries is determined by the tax policies along with the social security system (Goldstein, 2014). The merit pay of US has reveled that it has shown an increase in the learning capacity of the student that may be equivalent to three weeks of schooling in an additional manner. The average of four years with the merit pay system has shown that the amount ranged from $26 to $20,000. The amount in the award system ranges from $2,500 to $3,000 and is seen that there are small awards for the merit pay programs in developing countries as well. the training that is received from the Teacher Incentive Fund has shown that it has a positive effect on the performance pay program (Liang Akiba, 2015). The union that is present in Spain had a debate on the subject Education in Europe because of the upcoming election in the country. it can be seen that the country pays very well to the teachers for the services that they provide in educating the students. The teachers union has pledged to support the policies that will help in maintaining the quality of education and protect the future of the teachers who are responsible for imparting it to the future generations (Robertson, 2013). The teachers union that is present in United Kingdom is known as National Union of Teachers (NUT), which looks after all the educational policies and the remuneration of teachers in the country. The campaign Stand up for Education ensured that the political parties of the country will be pressurized so that the demands are all fulfilled by the state. It included the focus of the teachers that will be done based on the dedicated time, which will not put extra pressure on the administration. It will also ensure that the schools will plan and prepare the lessons well in advance so that the progress of the pupils can be assessed in a better manner, which will help in better management of the schools. These changes will help in revising the pay of the teachers and the introduction of merit pay systems that will consists of the pensions that are due to the teachers (Liang Akiba, 2015). Reference List Goldstein, D. (2014).The teacher wars: A history of America's most embattled profession. Anchor. Leigh, A. (2013). The economics and politics of teacher merit pay.CESifo Economic Studies,59(1), 1-33. Liang, G., Akiba, M. (2015). Teacher evaluation, performance-related pay, and constructivist instruction.Educational Policy,29(2), 375-401. Robertson, S. (2013). Teachers work, denationalisation and transformations in the field of symbolic control.World Yearbook of Education 2013, Educators, Professionalism and Politics: Global Transitions, National Spaces and Professional Projects, 77-96.

Portrayal of the American Dream in the 20th Century Theatre

The American dream has become one of the most important values in the sense that it has played a significant role in providing American citizens with the freedom to pursue their goals, rights and dreams. This has been a dominant phenomenon for many years now. The idea of the American dream has been existing since as early as the 17th century. However, in the beginning of the 20th century period, it was generally formulated and widely accepted among people who arrived in the USA.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Portrayal of the American Dream in the 20th Century Theatre specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, different playwrights developed dramas which were played in theatres and largely portrayed the quest for the American dream by individuals, as well as society. This paper examines how the search for the American dream was portrayed in two plays namely the American salesman by Arthur Miller and the melti ng pot by Israel Zangwill. The melting pot The American dream has received different and yet numerous definitions over the years. In spite of the various descriptions that have been given to the American Dream, it is also worth noting that this concept has been a major driving force aimed at attaining success in the widely acknowledge land of America. The various facets of the American dream tend to touch on the aspirations of the youth and beauty, dreams of property ownership, upward mobility and equality among others. This has made the American dream to be real for many people and also elusive to other groups and social classes which regarded it as a mere guideline for people who wanted to become successful. The concept of the search for the American dream was clearly displayed in the works by Israel Zangwill who in his play The Melting Pot indicated how different individuals in modern societies shift their focus on realizing their freedom (Kraus, 1999). This form of a freedom has been described in various ways ranging from social to financial. However, different analysts criticized the use of the ‘melting pot’ in the play to show the pursuit of the American dream terming it as unrealistic in the sense that the term ‘melting’ creates a picture of individuals who completely abandon their cultures in search for the American dream (Cardullo, 2007).   In addition, this has been viewed as an uncivilized way of seeking perfection in society, especially if culture is to be abandoned for the sake of the American dream. Nonetheless, the play brings out the importance of freedom tacking into consideration the fact that during the previous era, it was evident that some identities and cultures were perceived as unwanted and inferior, certain groups, like black people, were under the yoke of slavery, while the Native Americans, South European immigrants and Irish Catholics were discriminated. As a matter of fact, there were adequate and quite justified reasons why the American dream was being considered as the best available option.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to back up the concept of the American dream and respond to criticisms from the analysts in the play the melting pot, the concept of cultural pluralism was developed in 1915 with an aim of incorporating the fact that even with American freedom diverse ethnic groups can still keep and enrich their different cultures in a harmonious and mutual manner (Alba et al., 2000). However, different individuals fro the outside interpreted the American dream wrongly. The dream was interpreted and largely perceived as a ‘peaceful co-existence of different people and ethnic groups’. While there was great discriminations among different ethnic groups in America with the minority ones suffering while the whites enjoying great dominance. The play was mea nt to motivate various groups towards freedom. During that time, the civil rights of Afro Americans, as well as many Native Americans, had been denied (Cardullo, 2007). These incidences were reflected in the events that took place shortly before, during and immediately after the Martin Luther’s time. The long way that America had come required a clear understanding of issues and a straightforward method of addressing them. It is also notable that both, the white segregationists and black community clearly understood that the constitution was being broken and justice was not being delivered to all (Alba et al., 2000). Addressing the issues of segregation and discrimination of the Native Americans by different leaders was a call for freedom that drove many followers to offer support since they sought to address the gap. Straightforwardness supports the leader’s values that tighten the bond between them and followers. During the great march on Washington in 1963, Presiden t Kennedy’s administration and pro-discrimination whites could not resist but grant the hard fought freedom by changing the existing laws (Alba et al., 2000). The American salesman As indicated earlier, the notion of upward mobility of the American dream saw many people in the 20th century develop a strong belief in improving their economic status and overall wellbeing. Developing a dream of upward mobility was strongly expressed in theatres in Arthur Miller’s American salesman shows whereby Willy Lowman together with his son hoped to make their lives better by pursuing the American dream (Fix, 2008). As much as they belonged to the citizens of the low class, Lowman, as his name suggests, knew quite well that he could not arise above this level and as such saw it as necessary to prepare his sons for a better life indoctrinating his dreams in them (Fix, 2008). Perhaps, instilling some dream in them would be the most viable way of attaining the kind of success they were yearning for.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Portrayal of the American Dream in the 20th Century Theatre specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the play, the protagonist intended to help his sons live and fulfill their dreams. Scholars posit that the play brings out a self made American man whose need for upward economic mobility is based on pursuit of happiness and secularization of Puritan and Calvinist dreams (Cardullo, 2007).   Achievement of an upward mobility therefore comes through unrestricted and persistent effort, ambition, hard work and desire to master one’s own destiny. However, Arthur Miller seems to criticize the search for American dream in the play indicating that it led to loss of identity. Indeed, the American dream instilled in people some desires to pursue success regardless of the outcome of the entire pursuit. This perception and consideration that America would eventually provide the much need upward mobility has been brought out well in the play through heteronomy which happened to take humanity away. The play also brings out the fact that the pursuit for freedom can lead to destruction, a consideration that is seen in the end of Willi Lowman’s life, who after directing his entire life and material possession to achieve his dreams, fails to achieve one of his extrinsically prescribed goals of upward mobility. This drives him to madness as he feels segregated. He eventually loses his mind. The American Dream, ever since its inception, influenced people’s livelihoods due to its application to the national social-economic and political points of view.   According to the definition of the term, it seeks to create a sense of economic improvement for various classes of people in the United States who are all seeking for the better economic achievements. It is also worth mentioning that theaters during the 20th century played a key role in advancing the need for developing a stronger drive towards the achievement of better living standards, freedom from discrimination, segregation and economic hardships (Cardullo, 2007). Scholars agree with the reality depicted in the American salesman that the attainment of the American dream has been elusive to many Americans who still feel discriminated and undergoing economic hardships (Cardullo, 2007). In any case, the current economic divide has unfortunately been obstructive regarding the overall objectives of the American dream.  With the original objective to create a level playing ground for all, the current economic divide, as Madsen (2011) indicates, appears to act in a different direction.  Notably, the high social class has increasingly assimilated the dominance of key economic units such as industries and private institutions. Madsen adds that though this notion takes root silently, its implications are strongly felt.   Even after completing university education and gaining enough experience in management, many individuals still belong to the same social class (middle class) for a long time without shifting upwards.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More During economic recession, stagnations have been evident as salaries were cut down while people’s economic positions were greatly threatened. Summing up everything mentioned above, it is imperative to reiterate that both plays attempt to portray the American dream as a powerful drive that saw individuals work hard to attain it. Nonetheless, the 20th century theater was also quite ironical in the matter of presenting the American dream, indirectly describing it as being elusive. References Alba, R., Portes, A., Kasinitz, P. Fonari, N. (2000). Beyond the melting pot 35 years later: On the relevance of a sociological classic for the immigration metropolis of today. The International Migration Review, 34(1), 243-279. Cardullo, R. J. (2007). Selling in american drama, 1946-49: Millers death of a salesman, O’Neill’s the iceman cometh, and William’s a streetcar named desire. The Explicator, 66(1), 29-33. Fix, C. (2008). The lost father in death of a salesman. M ichigan Quarterly Review, 47(3), 464-467. Kraus, J. (1999). How the melting pot stirred America: The reception of Zangwill’s play and theatres role in the American assimilation experience. MELUS, 24(3), 3-19. Madsen, D. (2011). Out of the melting pot, into the nationalist fires. American Indian Quarterly, 35(3), 353-371,476-477. This essay on Portrayal of the American Dream in the 20th Century Theatre was written and submitted by user Aver1 to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.